Ebook Download Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
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Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
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The bestselling introduction to "flow"--a groundbreaking psychological theory that shows readers how to improve the quality of life.
- Sales Rank: #337451 in Books
- Brand: Harper Perennial
- Published on: 1991-03-13
- Released on: 1991-02-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.00" h x .72" w x 5.31" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 320 pages
- Great product!
Most helpful customer reviews
90 of 95 people found the following review helpful.
Controversial approach to happiness
By Vladimir Prus
The concept of flow is widely known these days, but on a superficial level. So what can the original book teach us? Flow is defined here as a state when you're "so involved in activity that nothing else matters", no surprises, but it is presented in a greater context, as a way to achieve happiness.
We're told that "psychic entropy" (or lack of control over conciseness, or simply random thoughts), is the thing that prevents happiness. Flow, on the other hand, is "optimal experience", the reverse of psychic entropy. Actually, this scale from psychic entropy to flow *is* the measure of happiness. Then, the book gives some conditions for achieving flow -- basically finding tasks that are challenging enough, but not too much, together with unambiguous and fast feedback (I found that part somewhat vague). And there's a lot of examples of flow experiences. Everything can become flow, if challenges are sought and overcome. Every chapter fits into a solid book structure.
But it's not clear the structure makes sense. Yes, being engaged in activity at proper challenge level can be very rewarding. Is it an answer for everything? Is unhappiness indeed the same as psychic entropy? Maybe if one cannot concentrate on anything at all, yes, but hardly in all cases. Is suppressing distressing thoughts by finding a random engaging experience the best approach? No matter what that experience is? True, the book does mention that some flow experiences are not necessary good, but then goes on giving a lot of examples of flow, regardless of their value. If I'm constantly bothered by a bunch of unresolved problems, would it be wise to go and find some flow experience, to suppress the thoughts about these problems? Maybe find flow in washing dishes? Even if I manage to get very very engaged in that, will I feel a slightest bit better afterwards?
The book was originally published in 1990, and it shows. I found no mention of Daniel Kahneman' concept of experiencing self and remembering self, which means that no matter how pleasurable flow might be in the moment, it is only one part of the story (see "Thinking, Fast and Slow"). There's no mention of Daniel Gilbert, who claims that people mostly stay at their baseline happiness level, and so expending great effort to become happier is probably a mistake (see "Stumbling on Happiness"). Instead, we find some favorable mentions of Mr. Freud, for the first time in all the books I read.
Flow is probably an important part of good life experience, and this book is important in giving examples of flow. But equating flow with happiness is very controversial, and too much of the book is based on that equality.
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
Live your life in FLOW - this book will help you get there!
By Barbara J
The first sentence of the Preface sums up this book nicely: "This book summarizes, for a general audience, decades of research on the positive aspects of human experience - joy, creativity, the process of total involvement with life I call flow." I had been hearing a lot about "flow" pertaining to how we live our life, and it seemed like a good concept. After reading this book, I can confidently say it is a GREAT concept! I highly recommend this book to anyone who is ready to enter a state of mind that will allow you to make any activity completely involving and satisfying.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
The mental state we should all long for
By Ismael de Leon H.
At the beginning this book seemed to me to have a very interesting theme because since a long time ago I became acquainted with Timothy Gallwey’s books (The Inner Game of Tennis, Golf, Work, etc.) and I became very interested on the theme of sports psychology. And not only that, I became fascinated with the idea of how this psychology relates with the rest of human psychology. As years went by, I learned to try to use these concepts for everyday life. I learned that the principles discussed in those books were not exclusive to sports; they are relevant to the spiritual life of every human being.
The book Flow describes that there is a mental state in which human performance reaches excellence. This state features some interesting aspects, of which the most important is concentration. When a human being reaches this state, time seems to stop, enjoyment is superlative and self-consciousness disappears, as if one reached the state of communion with some deity. This state is what the author denominates “flow”.
By reading this book, I learned to call this state this way, which I think is very appropriate. Everyone of us have experienced flow at some point in our lives. When this happens, whatever we are doing can be qualified as excellent. In my own experience, I have been surprised by my own performance in some tasks throughout my life once I concluded them. I have had some brilliant moments on rare occasions and I can say that the main attribute in all of them has been good concentration.
Timothy Gallwey’s books deal precisely about that concentration and the interaction among our different selves that affect such focus. When concentration is maximized, incredible things usually happen. Human greatness rests precisely in its capacity to stay in the “flow” state which let humans conquer goals that would seem incredible by any observer.
The “flow” state is the state to which everyone should aspire in every moment of his or her existence. If that cannot be done, it is due to the attachments that block them. Such attachments need to be minimized in order to reach this state.
It would seem strange that such issue deserves so much attention: increase in human performance. But whenever we try it, we realize that excellence in performance provides great happiness. But such happiness is not the result of the pride of having reached a goal, but of having been concentrated for a moment. When we are focused in something and reach the “flow” state, we realize that that is the goal of our existence, at least during that moment.
After all, ancient Greeks institutionalized Olympic Games for a reason: they were searching not excellence in entertainment, but rather excellence in concentration. On the same token, eastern experts who practice martial arts reach excellence only after the subject is able to enjoy a profound spirituality at the moment of combat. This means that pinpointed focus is what lets humans relate with their creator. This may not relate very well with traditional Christian doctrine, but oriental religions seem to follow this statement. At any rate, even Christian religions go a long way dealing about taming the self (temptations, mental vices, pride, etc.); what they deal with is liberating people of whatever distracts them from living their lives with excellence, even in the most trivial daily activities. In other words, religion tries to each happiness and in order to do that, humans need to do whatever is necessary to reach the flow state. This is not easy since in order to conquer trust and tranquility it is necessary to live a good life. Whatever that means depends on every soul. And the field in which the flow state should be reached also depends on every person.
In think the "flow" state is related to an important concept that was discussed at length in the book Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert Pirsig, and which is named "quality". This concept is much more than what we usually mean by it, since although it has something to do with excellence, its effect on human lives has much to do with his or her happiness and transcendence. In that book, "quality" is not only explained, but also demonstrated through philosophies established throughout several centuries. Therefore its reading, although dense, is extremely interesting.
But this book (Flow) goes a long way to explain this term in a sensible manner and using examples from daily life that everyone of us can relate to. In fact, while reading this book, there were some instances in which the author used examples from his personal life, explained through several pages just to prove a small point. I wished he did not use so many examples just to keep me from losing the main point.
However, the flow concept is very important and I am grateful that someone went a long way to put it accesible and in simple terms. We cannot say that the way to happiness is the same for everybody, but definitely all those ways have a common ingredient: the "flow" state.
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